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id	Subset	Year	Case #	Species	Signalment	History	GrossDx	Stain	HistoDx	Comments	Contributor	References	active	Noah	moreInfo
1	ACVP	2021	#04-3974	EQUINE	16-year-old, Male Quarter Horse			H&E		Skin mass from the left side of the face. Growing slowly for 2 years On excision, measured 5.5 x 4.5 x 3.5cm	SUMMERS		1
2	ACVP	2021	2008/587	CANINE	Dog, crossbreed, 13years old, M			H&E		Perianal mass	AVALLONE		1
3	ACVP	2021	23675	FELINE	8-year-old, Male neutered, DSH cat			H&E		Nasal bleeding and deformity Biopsy	ROCCABIANCA		1
4	ACVP	2021	AP 18639	CANINE	Dog, 5 years old, M, German Shepherd			H&E		Mass in the soft palate, 6 x 8 cm	AVALLONE		1
5	ACVP	2021	AP 022763 (Slide 1)	FELINE	Cat, 15 years old, DSH			H&E		Interscapular subcutaneous mass Subcutaneous mass with cystic areas	AVALLONE		1
6	ACVP	2021	AP 022763 (Slide 2)	FELINE	Cat, 15 years old, DSH			H&E		Interscapular subcutaneous mass Subcutaneous mass with cystic areas	AVALLONE		1
7	ACVP	2021	PD46 and PD 70 (Slide 1)	CANINE	8-months old, Male intact dog, mixed breed,			H&E		At 6 months crusting of the right ear, progressive ulceration, thickening. After three months similar lesions in left ear. Right ear excised (PD46)	ROCCABIANCA		1
8	ACVP	2021	PD46 and PD 70 (Slide 2)	CANINE	8-months old, Male intact dog, mixed breed,			H&E		At 6 months crusting of the right ear, progressive ulceration, thickening. After three months similar lesions in left ear. Left ear excised (PD70)	ROCCABIANCA		1
9	ACVP	2021	PP191/18	FELINE	16-year-old Male neutered DSH cat			H&E		developed a left thoracic subcutaneous mass after vaccine injection. Mass was excised and measured 6×7×5 cm	ROCCABIANCA		1
10	ACVP	2021	10476718	CANINE	1-year-old, SF Golden retriever			H&E		Presented for bleeding vagina "vaginal hyperplasia"	SCHULMAN		1
11	ACVP	2021	10458244	CANINE	1-year-old dog			H&E		Acute onset vomiting and lethargy Adhesions throughout the abdomen	SCHULMAN		1
12	ACVP	2021	10473135	CANINE	9-year-old Pharaoh hound			H&E		Tricavitary effusion with cardiac tamponade White nodules lining the pleura, within the mediastinum, and on the pericardium and auricular appendages of the heart Enlarged sternal lymph nodes	SCHULMAN		1
55	NEVPC	2021	10	CAPRINE	Three, 2 to 3-year-old, female (1) and neutered male (2), Nigerian Dwarf, Nubian, and Boer goats	Three goats from the same farm were submitted for postmortem examination over the course of 8 days in late January to early February during an outbreak in which 5 goats died. On presentation, the goats were dull, lethargic, and inappetent, progressing to recumbency. Physical examination showed diarrhea, hypothermia, and ruminal atony. Two animals died, and one was euthanized.	The perineum, caudal thighs, and ventral tail were covered by dried tan-brown feces. The small intestine and cecum had granular serosal surfaces and were segmentally coated in thick layers of adherent yellow-tan fibrin strands. The small intestine ranged from fluid-filled and dilated with thin walls to thick-walled with obstructive luminal fibrinonecrotic casts. In the thickened segments, the mucosa of some animals was diffusely replaced by yellow-tan, friable, necrotic debris (diphtheritic membrane), while in others it was dark red, roughened and occasionally had miliary, 1-2 mm diameter, soft tan nodules. The mesentery was edematous and mesenteric lymph nodes were markedly enlarged up to 5 cm in diameter. Multifocally, the lymph node corticomedullary architecture was effaced by pale yellow purulent exudate surrounded by a thin rim of remaining tissue (abscesses).	H&E	Yersinia pseudotuberculosis enteritis	Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is a worldwide cause of enterocolitis, lymphadenitis, and septicemia in a wide variety of wild and domestic species, and humans, most frequently reported in wild hares and ruminants.	Harvey		1	F33349	https://cld-wsi1.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/Writeups/NEVPC_2021_10.docx
56	NEVPC	2021	11	SAND BOA	2-year-1-month-old, 92 g, female sand boa	The patient presented with a several months history of chronic regurgitation and weight loss.	The mucosa of the small intestine was segmentally slightly thickened.	H&E	Alimentary T cell lymphoma, epitheliotropic, small cell	Although once considered uncommon, neoplasia is a relatively common occurrence in reptiles, especially snakes (Effron et al. 1977; Garner et al. 2004). Out of the reported neoplasms, lymphoma is one of the more common neoplastic condition in snakes, and the presentation may vary greatly, similar to any other species. While a multicentric distribution is the most common presentation, solitary tumors have been reported including one specifically affecting the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of the esophagus (Ossiboff 2018). Leukemia without multicentric or solitary lymphoma has also been reported (Schilliger et al. 2011). Based on a comprehensive review of 35 lymphomas out of 326 tumors in snakes, large, blast-like cells were more commonly observed than small cell lymphoma (Garner et al. 2004).	Nakagun		1		https://cld-wsi1.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/Writeups/NEVPC_2021_11.docx
57	NEVPC	2021	12	AVIAN	Juvenile male Black backed gull	Severe vestibular symptoms were noted that did not improve or resolve with supportive care.	The cloaca is focally expanded by an approximately 1.5 cm in diameter, thick-walled spherical out-pocketing continuous with the cloacal lumen, containing dozens of 0.5 cm-long metazoan parasites tightly adhered to the mucosa. Sharp delineation between a plump, faintly bilobed, pale pink spherical forebody and oblong pearl white hindbody is appreciable.	H&E	Severe trematodiasis, compatible with Cotylurus sp.	Based on the presence of an oral sucker, spongy parenchyma and paired ceca, those parasites were deemed most consistent with trematodes. While trematodes in aquatic birds are legion and may show a broad variety of forms, the combined sharp bisegmentation, presence of a somewhat spherical forebody containing a deep oral sucker, and cloacal location, were considered most compatible with the Strigidae family, and especially Cotylurus sp., an uncommon parasite of the alimentary tract of seagulls. The life cycle of Cotylurus sp. typically includes three free-living, and three parasitic stages. The initial egg phase is followed by emergence of a free-living miracidium, which enters a gastropod before turning into a parasitic sporocyst. Within this first intermediate host, the sporocyst produces cercariae, which penetrate a fish or leech, either of which may represent a second intermediate host fostering development of the metacercarian stage. Fisheating birds are ultimately infected through ingestion of the second intermediate host, acting as the final host in which maturation towards the adult stage occurs. With regards to the absence of additional underlying pathologic process, the neurological signs noted in this bird were considered related to the combined parasite infestation, prolonged exposure to cold, and hindered access to food.	Nelissen		1		https://cld-wsi1.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/Writeups/NEVPC_2021_12.docx
58	NEVPC	2021	13	EQUINE	8-month-old Arabian Filly	The patient presented to the referring veterinarian with a 7-month history of ill-thrift and chronic diarrhea. Histologic assessment of endoscopic duodenal biopsy samples revealed mild, diffuse, chronic, lymphoplasmacytic, and eosinophilic enteritis with villus atrophy, prompting an exploratory celiotomy 4 days later.	Multifocally scattered across the serosal surface of the ventral colon and transverse colon were innumerable, raised, moderately well-demarcated, firm, white nodules with mural infiltration. The transverse colon also had associated segmental luminal restriction.	H&E	Ganglioneuromatosis, colon	GN is described as a poorly demarcated, multinodular-to-coalescing, intramural, benign proliferation of ganglia (i.e. neurons, glial cells, supporting cells) within the gastrointestinal system. Ganglioneuromas are also benign proliferations of ganglia but tend to be more discreet. GN occurs exclusively within the gastrointestinal system, with five reports in the small intestine, three reports in the large intestine, and one report in the gall bladder. Clinical signs associated with GN vary depending on the affected region of the gastrointestinal system. Small intestinal GN is associated with diarrhea, vomiting, inappetence, obtundation, and low body condition score. Large intestinal GN is associated with tenesmus, hematochezia, and rectal prolapse3,5. Gall bladder GN is associated with cholecystitis and cholestasis. In a previous equine case report, GN was an incidental finding with no apparent gastrointestinal clinical signs.	Champion		1		https://cld-wsi1.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/Writeups/NEVPC_2021_13.docx
59	NEVPC	2021	14	CAMELID	~1-month-old, male camel calf	Sir Camelot nursed well the first week and then began with sudden weight loss. It was treated and began tube-feeding, but progressed to diarrhea, lethargy, and then recumbency. Died.	The distal esophagus has several linear bright red streaks and 25-30, approximately 3-5 mm of diameter erosions/ulcers, some covered with a brown to tan flocculent material (fibrin).	H&E	Esophagitis, erosive/ulcerative, lymphoplasmacytic, multifocal, moderate, with ballooning degeneration of epithelial cells, occasional pustules, intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies, and vasculitis	Supported by the presence of large intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies on the esophagus along the gross findings of multiple areas of ulceration along the gastrointestinal tract, the first main differential are viruses from the family Poxviridae. In this family of viruses, Bovine Papular Stomatitis and Contagious Ecthyma are considered. This last one has been reported in camels, and for which ulcers and proliferative lesions can extend into the upper gastrointestinal tract in some cases. In both cases, intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions are highly suggestive of infection.	Stevenson		1		https://cld-wsi1.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/Writeups/NEVPC_2021_14.docx
60	NEVPC	2021	15	AVIAN	Female Quaker Parrot	Radiographic evidence displayed a mass like object containing small mineral opacities below an enlarged proventriculus and in line with the cranial pole of the kidney.	The proventriculus and ventriculus were dilated with thinned walls for both compartments.	H&E	Bornaviral ganglioneuritis and leiomyositis	Proventricular Dilatation Disease (PDD) primarily affects the autonomic nerves of the upper and middle digestive tract, including the esophagus, crop, proventriculus, ventriculus, and duodenum. This disease condition has a worldwide distribution, and its name is derived from the predominant clinical sign in large parrots; namely, the dilation of the proventriculus by accumulated food as a result of dysfunction of the ventriculus. PDD is a disease across multiple species of birds particular amongst psittacines, however has been identified in other species (i.e. Canada Geese, Red-Tailed Hawks). A bornaviral etiology was implicated in more recent literature.ÊÊ	Tocco		1		https://cld-wsi1.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/Writeups/NEVPC_2021_15.docx
61	NEVPC	2021	16	FELINE	15-year-old, female, domestic shorthaired feline	This patient presented for an ossifying lesion of the lower mandible.Ê On radiographs, there was a poorly defined region of radiolucency within the mandibular bone with a smaller characteristic Òsoap bubbleÓ appearance.	This 3.0mm diameter mass was hard and tan.	H&E	Odontogenic myxoma	Odontogenic myxomas originate from the ectomesenchyme of the dental papilla or dental follicle. Historically known as the Òjaw myxomaÓ, odontogenic myxomas are solely located within tooth-bearing regions of the maxilla and, more commonly, the mandible.3 Odontogenic myxomas are unique among ondontogenic tumors in that the they lack proliferative odontogenic epithelium. Grossly, cut sections are often gray-white, cystic, and have mucoid or slimy surfaces. Radiographically, odontogenic myxomas have a radiolucent trabecular appearance, with often ill defined borders, and a commonly reported Òsoap bubbleÓ or ÒhoneycombÓ appearance (as in this case), with possible sunburst periosteal reactions.	Hammett		1		https://cld-wsi1.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/Writeups/NEVPC_2021_16.docx
62	NEVPC	2021	17	GOLDFISH	6-year-old goldfish	This goldfish presented for removal of a mass that was firmly attached to the gill arch.	A large, pink, raised, multilobular mass arises from the left pharyngeal gill arch, elevates the operculum and extends caudally.	H&E	Ameloblastoma, gill arch	Odontogenic neoplasms are usually incidental findings in fish. Most descriptions are of odontomas arising in the mouth, lips, and jaws. This includes angelfish Òlip fibroma,Ó which is a compound odontoma embedded in abundant collagenous stroma. There are reports of retroviral particles in the cytoplasm of stromal cells of odontomas, though a causal role has not been proven. Additionally, several reports describe epizootics and individual cases of odontogenic neoplasms, including odontomas and ameloblastomas, in multiple species of fish. The neoplasm in this case was diagnosed as a ameloblastoma, which has not been previously reported in cyprinids to the authorsÕ knowledge.	Baskerville		1		https://cld-wsi1.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/Writeups/NEVPC_2021_17.docx
63	NEVPC	2021	18	BEARDED DRAGON	Eight year old, male, intact, bearded dragon	This lizard presented with a five-month history of progressive, ulcerative dermatitis of the tail tip and hind limbs and progressive weight loss.	Necropsy revealed a multifocal to segmental thickening and yellow discoloration of the colonic wall. Attached to this area of thickening was a 3-mm-diameter, yellow, polypoid mass on the serosal surface. The colon proximal to these lesions was dilated 300-400%. The spleen was enlarged approximately 300%, and pale tan to yellow with an irregular shape that was molded around a loop of small intestine. There were multifocal to coalescing areas of yellow discoloration and pallor of the left lateral hepatic lobe.	H&E	Adenocarcinoma and intravascular T cell lymphoma, colon; T-cell lymphoma, spleen and liver	This is the first case of intestinal adenocarcinoma reported in bearded dragons and was unique in that it presented concurrently with lymphoma. The original location of lymphoma in this case is unknown. The cutaneous lesions were pleocellular, but may have included insidious neoplastic T cells.	Argue		1		https://cld-wsi1.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/Writeups/NEVPC_2021_18.docx
64	NEVPC	2021	19	CANINE	8-year-old female spayed miniature Australian shepherd	Presented for excision of a large, soft, fluctuant mass in the left cranial cervical region, which had been present and slowly growing since May of 2018.	The mass, submitted as Òleft mandibular/sublingual salivary gland,Ó floated in formalin and measured 9 x 5.9 x 4.4 cm. It was firm, tan to brown, and was subdivided into variably-sized lobules by thin bands of fibrous stroma.	H&E	Salivary lipomatosis	Salivary lipomatosis (also known as lipomatous/fatty infiltration of the salivary gland or interstitial lipomatosis) is a rare, benign, non-neoplastic entity in dogs that causes marked soft to fluctuant enlargement of salivary glands due to the deposition of large amounts of adipose tissue within the interstitium of affected glands. Though the cause is undetermined, the majority of cases have been associated with chronic salivary inflammation and obstructive processes.	Caudill		1		https://cld-wsi1.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/Writeups/NEVPC_2021_19.pdf
65	NEVPC	2021	01	CANINE	1-year-old female spayed mixed breed dog	The patient was presented to the Penn Vet Emergency Service and transferred to the Internal Medicine Service for further evaluation of dysphagia, regurgitation, and coughing. She was adopted from India where she was originally found with her litter mates, all of which were treated for Spirocerca infections.	Two, rounded, glistening masses were visualized (one in the proximal esophagus and one near the lower esophageal sphincter).	H&E	Spirocerca lupi sarcoma	This case was reviewed with four additional pathologists, who all agreed that the degree of pleomorphism and mitotic activity in these samples was more consistent with a sarcoma rather than fibroproliferative lesion. There was a discussion on the distinction between the advanced pre-neoplastic phase and malignant transformation, and that this differentiation is likely not possible based on the tissue provided. Spirocerca lupi is a nematode parasite that causes endemic disease in dogs in tropical and subtropical geographic regions, like certain areas of South America and Africa. Large breed hunting dogs tend to be predisposed to developing infections, likely due to the lifecycle of the parasite. The life cycle of S. lupi begins with eggs shed in the feces of the definitive host (carnivores). Eggs are ingested by the intermediate host (coprophagous beetles of numerous different species) in which they mature into L3 larvae in several months. A paratenic host (i.e. poultry, wild birds, lizards, rodents, hedgehogs and rabbits) may ingest the infected beetle, and a definitive host may become infected by ingesting the intermediate or paratenic host. Once in the definitive host, L3 larvae penetrate and traverse the gastric wall, eventually reaching the caudal thoracic aorta via various vascular routes and maturing to the L4 stage. Finally, as immature adults, the nematodes travel and encyst in the esophagus where they sexually mature and females pass eggs into the lumen of the esophagus. Adults usually encyst within the submucosa.	Amerman		1		https://cld-wsi1.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/Writeups/NEVPC_2021_1.docx
66	NEVPC	2021	20	EQUINE	23-year-old Quarter horse gelding	Oone-month history of unresolving chronic diarrhea.	The serosa of the large intestine and the cecum were covered in hundreds of dark black slightly raised variably sized plaques ranging from 0.3 cm to 2cm. The large intestinal mucosa was thickened, edematous, dark brown to black and with ten to twenty polypoid semi-firm proliferations predominantly in the cecum. The large intestinal lesions were least severe in the right dorsal colon.	H&E	Typhlocolitis, granulomatous, segmental, severe with myriad intrahistiocytic, acid-fast, and variably Gram-positive bacteria, lymphangitis, and serositis (Mycobacterium genavense and Salmonella sp.)	Organisms within sections of the affected large intestine were closely homologous for M. genavense. Additional tissues were forwarded to the same outside laboratory for further comprehensive detection of Mycobacterium sp. via immunohistochemical and molecular tests.	KRAMER		1		https://cld-wsi1.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/Writeups/NEVPC_2021_20.docx
67	NEVPC	2021	21	Llama	11-year-old male intact llama	A 11-year-old intact male llama presented with diarrhea, inability to rise, and heavy gastrointestinal parasitism.	Severe fibrinosuppurative peritonitis presented with adhesion of intestinal loops to each other and the mesentery. A string of mesenteric lymph nodes of the jejunum was markedly enlarged and contained purulent material when cut. The jejunum had a single transmural perforation approximately 5 cm in diameter. The extensive necrosis of the surrounding jejunal wall was continuous with multifocal areas of ulceration on the mucosal surface. Smaller foci of ulceration were present in the adjacent, hyperemic mucosa of the small intestine over a ~ 15 cm long segment. The liver had myriad disseminated foci. Most foci were grey and pin-point to 1 mm in diameter and flat; fewer foci dark red brown, depressed and 2-4 mm in diameter; occasional foci pale tan, protruding and up to 3 mm in diameter.	H&E	Jejunitis, lymphadenitis and hepatitis, pyogranulomatous to necrotizing with intracellular bacteria (Rhodococcus equi) and rare trematodes (liver only); peritoneum: fibrinosuppurative serositis; spleen: atrophy	Rhodococcus equi is, typically, a pathogen of foals leading to pyogranulomatous pneumonia with lymphadenitis, less commonly enterocolitis and intraabdominal abscesses. Virulence-associated markers of R. equi have been well established. Virulence-associated protein anti-gens (VapA or VapB, respectively) have been implicated in R. equi virulence in a number of host species including horses. In non-equid species, infections with R. equi commonly present as lymphadentitis. However, a broad spectrum of disease conditions has been described in a wide range of domestic and wild animal species, worldwide. Examples include bronchopneumonia, osteomyelitis, subcutaneous abscesses, and disseminated infection involving lymph nodes and viscera in goats in North America. and bronchopneumonia and lymphadenitis in wild boar in South America, Europe and Asia.	Löhr		1		https://cld-wsi1.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/Writeups/NEVPC_2021_21.docx
id	Subset	Year	Case #	Species	Signalment				HistoDx	Comments	Contributor	References	active	Noah	moreInfo

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